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It's no trick to make a lot of money, if all you want to do is make a lot of money.

Rich Preach is a compendium of financial awareness. This is an attempt to ignite financial literacy and demystify the tricks of making money. The approach is not a short cut but knowledge driven. The author has tried to keep the vital information crispy and understandable to a common individual.

27 March, 2008
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Value stocks?

Investment guru, Benjamin Graham, has talked much about value investing and value stocks in his book “The Intelligent Investor”. Let us simplify the concept so that you do not have to browse entire book.

Value stocks have characteristics like:

- These stocks are available at a bargain (cheap) price, i.e. the stocks are trading at a lower price than their valuations.
- Fundamental financial strength of the company is good.
- P/E is low compared to the sectoral leaders of the stock. But re-rating is possible if there is rise in demand of the stock.
- It has a potential to unlock more values. Unlocking could be of certain nature: land bank, a new product line, a new subsidiary etc.

The ratings of such stocks are very handy these days and available in financial magazines, blogs, newspaper or company websites.

Now you have rather simple task in terms of finding such value stocks. But yes… Don’t fall in love with these stocks. Sell them once the valuations seem stretched. Don’t be greedy. OK?

27 March, 2008
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Sectors set market trajectory

Sector specific trends lead the market to mew heights. During early 2000s we witnessed IT, Oil, Banking and Pharmaceuticals leading the market. Thereafter, Telecom, Real Estate, Power and Brokerage Firms drove market to 21000 marks. If we do a scrutiny of Union Budget 2008, sectors such as Automobile, FMCG, Agriculture based businesses and Steel will shine.

While following this principle, do not forget to switch to next market leader sector. Also, keep a tab that you do not invest in a sector or a stock in leading sector which is overstretched.

In a nutshell, if you want to beat the market and book a better profit than market rises, ride on the sectoral vehicle. Investing in equities seems very simple now. Isn’t it?

25 March, 2008
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7 myths of retirement planning

In general, saving for retirement takes less precedence over meeting day-to-day expenses. You should start investing for retirement as soon as possible. You must overcome all of the following myths:

1. Age: Young people (25-35) do not appreciate the idea of planning for retirement. Let us consider an eye opener scenario. Assuming you do not plan to invest for retirement till the age of 35 years. With growing life expectancy, people survive till around 80-85 years of age. You work aggressively till the age of 55-60 years of age. So effectively you have 20-25 years to earn and save for next 20-25 years when you just have to spend. Wake up! The earlier you start investing, the merrier your retirement life would be.

2. Expenses: People assume that they would lead a plain life post retirement. So, the expense would be less compared to working era. Biggest myth! There are several expenses such as medical, gifts for children/ grand children and travel are not accounted for.

3. Inflation vs fixed returns: People tend to forget that inflation might eat-up all the returns if it is kept in fixed return schemes. Due to inflation, purchasing power diminishes. Offset this! Before it is too late.

4. Children: There is a natural tendency to depend on children post retirement. Don’t forget! In today’s nucleus family system, your wishful thinking may disappoint you. If your children can take care, let that be bonus for you. But do not count on that factor.

5. Equities: People feel stock market is very risky avenue to tackle as it rises and falls irrationally. But, if you look at historical data equities in BSE Sensex give a compounded return of about 20% per annum. Whereas, FDs around 9%! Equities are best inflation busters. It is observed that when inflation rises, share prices also rise.

6. Bank deposits: Many a times, people feel that bank deposits are adequate to survive throughout the retirement. Again, they forget inflation factor and do not realize that their fund might diminish with diminishing purchasing power of the currency.

7. Earning: Last but not the least, retirement planning is not that scary. You do not need a huge sum if you start early to put in retirement fund. You just have to save a little extra. Trust me! Only a little extra for a relaxed retirement life.

22 March, 2008
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7 point checklist for a wealth management product

These days we come across a myriad of wealth management products. Banks and other financial companies are more than eager to manage your money and promise handsome returns. Wealth managers and relationship managers of these companies may not be ethical and trustworthy always. You should equip yourself to judge their capability and knowledge about their own products. The idea is to prepare a checklist and be fully satisfied before investing. Commit only if the wealth manager/ relationship manager scores to your satisfaction.

1. Qualification and experience: Nothing really can beat a good experience. Pick a manger who has gone through multitudes of troughs and crests of the money market. Ask their methodology to handle such situations. A certified financial planner or any degree/ diploma/ certification which is recognized internationally shall be evident of his/ her professional and ethical demeanor.

2. Value added services: Shortlist only those managers who have end-to-end financial planning services, comprising of tax planning, diverse investment avenues 9equity, debt, commodities, insurance, real estate) and financial education programs/ seminars. The plan offer complete solution under one umbrella.

3. Personified plan: every individual has different financial goals, income generation, family size, liabilities, lifestyle and expenses. The plan should be flexible enough to suit your needs. The manager should not push a product from a limited pool.

4. Commission and fees: Identify all the scopes from where the manager charges you. It could be regular fees, commission on capital gain or a combination of both.

5. Investment avenues: Ask for the areas where the manager plans to invest your money. It should be diverse enough that risk can be minimized while achieving the maximum capital gains possible. Manager must be transparent enough to tell you the avenues, expected capital gains and risks associated.

6. References: Can your wealth manager give you some references of his/ her clients? Ask. If you get the reference ask question to these clients on the similar lines we discussed above.

7. Exit criteria: If you are dissatisfied, the exit route must be smooth. Get clarification on exit process too.

20 March, 2008
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Consistent philosophy for inconsistent equity market

There are certain proven philosophies for investing in equities. We must keep this as checklist while taking crucial decisions of investing in equity market. The principles are applicable to all kinds of market conditions.

Invest regularly: Do not fall in dilemma whether to buy or sell at any moment. Market keeps dancing at certain tunes, which is difficult to decode. Still you should invest with extra caution in stretched market and leverage buying opportunity during dips. Do not magnify the risk tremendously and certainly don’t expose much on mere speculation.

Reinvest Profits: Reinvesting profits help you maximize gain through compounding.

Do value investing: Invest in growth oriented companies, irrespective of size or past performance. Such data is readily available in magazines, newspapers and Internet. Beware; do not fall into the traps of rumors. Trust only authentic sources. With experience you would be able to weed out rumors from news.

19 March, 2008
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Retail investors loose money while trading

Traders, barring stock brokers, tend to loose money by playing for short term in the equity market. If you book handsome profit while trading, it is by dint of luck and not due to smartness. Let us dig further why you may loose money this way:

1. Commission costs: Frequent buying and selling means more commission paid as brokerage. Almost 2-3% money is gone both ways.

2. Entry barrier: Traders create an entry barrier in a share themselves. For example you buy a stock at X price and sell it at 1.2X price. In next few days it goes further up and touches 1.5X price. Now, you will not feel motivated to put money in this stock and you missed the entire rally.

3. Indiscipline: On few occasions greed motivates the conscious decision making process. In expectation of big rallies of a share we keep holding while the stock price is going down. You must maintain a stop loss and ceiling associated with each stock you buy.

4. No preparation for volatility: In rising market, when the market is overstretched, trader might forget that market corrects by a huge margin at times. They tend to invest entire money when market rises. Now, if the market corrects traders are handicapped and do not leverage the fall in absence of liquid money.

17 March, 2008
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Consistent philosophy for inconsistent equity market

There are certain proven philosophies for investing in equities. We must keep this as checklist while taking crucial decisions of investing in equity market. The principles are applicable to all kinds of market conditions.

Invest regularly: Do not fall in dilemma whether to buy or sell at any moment. Market keeps dancing at certain tunes, which is difficult to decode. Still you should invest with extra caution in stretched market and leverage buying opportunity during dips. Do not magnify the risk tremendously and certainly don’t expose much on mere speculation.

Reinvest Profits: Reinvesting profits help you maximize gain through compounding.

Do value investing: Invest in growth oriented companies, irrespective of size or past performance. Such data is readily available in magazines, newspapers and Internet. Beware; do not fall into the traps of rumors. Trust only authentic sources. With experience you would be able to weed out rumors from news.

16 March, 2008
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Leverage recent fall in equity market

A steep fall and volatility in BSE Sensex over the past two months have created panic among retail investors. They feel they did blunder by not exiting at the right time, when market soared till 21000 points. These feelings are more associated with new investors who never faced such mayhem. Seasoned investors have undergone such phases and are more equipped to deal with them.

Trust me, this is a litmus test for you and will certainly help you becoming an accomplished player if you handle it smartly. I know it is natural to become emotional after loosing huge sum during the fall of market. Most of you might have quit the stock market altogether out of fear. But, if we look at the larger picture and a broad horizon (at least one year), current situation is an excellent investment opportunity. Sooner or later the market will bounce back. When the market bounces back in near future and you did not invest in trough, another feeling might hit you. That you did not leverage the opportunity!

10 March, 2008
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SEBI to reduce gap between opening and listing of an IPO

SEBI has shown willingness to reduce the time gap between opening of an issue and the listing of securities on the bourses. This is a welcome step as it will cut short the duration for which millions of rupees remain blocked.

As per Economic Times, Mr Bhave said SEBI has set up a panel to examine how to compress the IPO process. “Institutional investors tend to argue that they put in lot of money that cannot be locked in for such a long time. Secondly, some people have raised the issue of funds that remain with the banks. That issue will also be automatically addressed once we reduce the gap,” he said. “Although no time frame has been given, the panel would work expeditiously”, said Mr Bhave.

This will solve the liquidity problem for retail investors too.

07 March, 2008
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Ladies! Take a lead in family financial matters

Indian women, even working ones, give less precedence to finance related matters in family. While a housewife does not see her scope beyond household activities, working women feel themselves exhausted amidst job and domestic activities. They depend mostly on husbands and other male members in the family for managing money. Naturally, men, while investing for long term financial decisions, might miss out women specific needs. In life time though, women might undergo several transitions when no financial planning might pinch. Transitions like marriage, child birth, career break and retirement are natural ones.

In case of casualty like divorce or fatalities, the situation becomes even more critical. Keeping such scenarios in mind, Indian women must change paradigm and start taking charge in domestic financial matters.

But what really stops them from taking a lead in financial matters? Maybe, they feel it too be too complex to handle or maybe they do not afford to take risks and want better to keep them away or simply because they have seen male members doing this job for a period of time and do not want to break the trend. Whatever the case be! At least, they need to keep a tab on such matters, if not a lead role. It will do a balancing act as male members will get wise and concerned second opinions. They can opine on issues such as:

1. Letting male members know appropriate distant financial goals from a woman's perspective

2. Keeping a check whether male members are exposing a large sum of money to very risky avenues.

3. Instilling right spending habits in the family. Also, by discouraging exposure to credit cards and loans.

4. Maintaining, reviewing and projecting appropriate household budget

5. Prompting for saving habits and retirement planning.

Trust me, if these principles are applied, they will experience at least two changes:

1. They will start enjoying the active participation in domestic financial matters. They may even get converted into leader in such matters.

2. Family will see growing money exponentially!

04 March, 2008
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Yahoo! (Company, not jubilation remark) India sacks 45 employees

IBM, TCS and now Yahoo! Why do they want to get rid of poor performers? Yahoo has asked its 45 employees to quit from their Bangalore development center. The reason quoted is bad performance of these employees and as a routine Yahoo will sack more professionals in near future.
Yahoo! India R&D operations have a total headcount of 1,500 in Bangalore. Job cuts were primarily in the R&D division.
Economic Times reported that the job cuts have come as a shock for the Yahoo-India employees who were given just 30 minutes to exit their workplace.

Whatever we say, we cannot deny the fact that economy is deep into the recession now and would have to undergo such pains.

04 March, 2008
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Grey market?

Ever heard of grey market premium rates of an IPO before listing? Who operates the grey market? Where do these premium rates originate from? No clues! Even newspapers, TV channels and experts do not mention the exact source of grey market premium.

To the best of our knowledge, grey market is based in Ahmedabad, Gujrat. It is an unofficial trade market, where shares are traded before listing on the stock exchanges. It is over the counter market and operates purely on trust among participants. Entry is open only to a trusted few. The structure of grey market, its operations and operators are mysterious. Nonetheless, grey market rates have become decisive factor for investors to subscribe to IPOs. The grey market religiously follows demand and supply. The trading starts during the book building of the issue. Prices of a proposed IPO fluctuate on a daily basis. At times, the premium is manipulated by promoters too. It is out of regulator's ambit to identify the source of manipulation.

Ironically, the book building process done by investment bankers is of little value. We have observed a trend of shares soaring on listing day and also the share prices saturating much above the band decided during book building. To conclude, these shades of cause high volatility in the stock listing day, yet remains untraced about its rationale.

04 March, 2008
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Cause of mayhem on IPO listing day

We have witnessed share's prices jumping to a high level and then saturating at much lower level than listing price. Why? Let us ponder.

1. Leveraged bets: Leveraged bets are very dangerous trend in IPOs. There are HNIs and retails investors who borrow money from to invest in IPO. They bank upon listing gains to repay the borrowed money as well as book profit. Such investors can make money only if listing gain is substantial. Many banks offer loans for subscription to public issues. At times, effective rates of interest can be higher if the investor gets partial allotment due to oversubscription of the share. No allotment id a nightmare! Anyhow, they sell all their holdings on listing day, causing extreme volatility.

2. Grey market prices: Grey market becomes hyper active once the company decides to go public. Shares are traded among few traders based on speculated prices. The settlement is done on the listing day, which faces heavy selling pressure.

3. Faulty book building: Many a times the book building process has failed to discover the right price for the issue. The onus comes to secondary market to discover the price. This makes listing day highly volatile till the price settles itself at a certain level.

4. Rumors: Promoters of the company and punters in the market create rumors and try to manipulate sentiments. Naturally, if the market realizes the fact to be distant from rumors, panic is caused on listing day.

5. Huge selling on listing day: A huge pool of traders and investors invest only in IPOs to gain on listing day. This pool totally ignores the company fundamentals, log term goals, management orientation and earnings of the company. They simply book profit on listing day, leaving market dangling.

04 March, 2008
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SEBI to cap the listing gain

After series of volatilities on listing day of shares, SEBI has decided to cap the listing gain of issues size up to Rs 250 crore by 25%. Last year, shares have gained up to 300% over the price band of the public offer. Reasone? No due diligence done by investment banks during book building process.

Ironically, after achieving peaks, shares prices start falling for next few days till it reaches a logical saturation level. This causes huge dissatisfaction among long term investors.

Now, why did SEBI pick issues of up to Rs 250 crore only? Why not bigger issues too? After several brainstorming sessions, it is observed that the trend of huge listing gin is more with small size issues rather than big issues.

Let me ask, is it just act? Shouldn't SEBI amend the book building done by investment banks? This would kill grey market manipulation and speculation altogether. Also, the alternative method would help in reducing oversubscriptions and the market will behave more pragmatically. Whatever! I am glad that regulators are cautiously trying to keep market on right trajectory.

27 February, 2008
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IPO woes in Indian equity market

After a good phase of aggressive pricing, huge oversubscriptions and decent listing gains, IPOs are now in big trouble. The demand for aggressive listings looks gloomy now, as investors have lost faith on pricing strategy in current bearish market.

Classical examples are big IPOs of Reliance, Power, Emaar MGF and Wockhardt. Reliance Power listed at lower price than its issue price and went down by 15-20%, despite grey market rates of twice the issue price. As it is backed by the giant Reliance ADAG, investors can still hold and expect good returns in medium to long term.

However, to avoid such an agony, Emaar MGF, after reducing its issue price band twice and deferring deadlines, withdrew its IPO. Wokhardt IPO also followed the same path and withdrew its INR 674 crore offer.

27 February, 2008
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Railways sheds lands for commercial purpose

The Rail Land Development Authority has recently invited bids for development of its 10 sites. RLDA will allow developers to exploit the land for building group housing societies, hotels and other commercial complexes.

When RLDA opened the bid, they received 250 bids from companies like DLF, Omaxe, Unitech and Emaar MGF. Going forward they will auction more such sites.

27 February, 2008
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Visa woes for Banglore junta

Bangalore is regarded as one of the biggest IT hubs across the globe. In all possibility, techies from Bangalore contributes maximum when it comes to fly abroad. Ironically, when you want to travel to US from Bangalore, you need to travel all the way to Chennai for a visa.

Despite the large number of IT companies in Bangalore, it has no US consulate. In India, so far, the US issue visa from its embassy in New Delhi and consulates in Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai. Why Bangalore can’t too have a US consulate? Point to ponder!

27 February, 2008
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Re 1/- face value of all shares-Help, Detriment or indifferent?

SEBI has decided to keep the face value of all the shares, which trading in BSE and NSE, at rupee 1. The table below captures the various school of thoughts in this regard:

Help:
- Different face values of shares confuse investors. Same face value will synchronize the entire gamut of shares being traded, keeping a common denominator.
- Keeping face value at rupee 1 makes the computations of EPS and P/E a lot more easier.

Detriment:
- Companies must have a choice to keep the face value within a certain band. They will require to float 10 times more shares if the face value is slashed from rupees 10 to rupee 1. Thus, it might be forced to serve more number of investors.
- If the share id already trading at rupee 1 face value and a very high current market price, further splitting is not possible to serve small investors. E.g. L & T, quoting at above 3500 currently at face value of rupee 1, will have a trouble in shares further.

Indifferent:
- Computation is not an issue as there are various tools available for this purpose.
- A well informed investor would not have any confusion in different face values as entire information is very handy.
- There is no need to serve large number of investors as target investors can possess more number of shares when face value is lowered.